by Laura T » Wed May 13, 2009 5:49 pm
Oh, seeing this post reminded me! I found a very interesting little article about foie gras in my Spirituality & Health magazine that I thought I would share.
Foie Gras: Feeding Doesn't Stress the Ducks
by Matt Sutherland
Amongst creatures great and small, ducks are an unparalleled source of monounsaturated fat, one of the superfoods like red wine, whole grains, and raw fruits and vegetables credited with the French paradox effect. As migratory waterfowl, ducks are genetically given the ability to store high amounts of fat as energy for extended flights. In northern Europe and other regions where oil is scarce, duck and poultry fat has always served a crucial role in cooking. Easily domesticated, the waddling waterfowl is lauded around the world as a healthy food source.
Then there's the touchy subject of ducks force-fed to increase the size of their livers. This technique for creating foie gras has been used since ancient Egypt and has been controversial since at least the eleventh century, when a French rabbi called upon Jewish farmers to show more concern for the birds - or to pay for their misdeeds in the hereafter. It hasn't gotten any easier.
But a quick duck primer often helps to diffuse heated emotions. The duck esophagus is lined with fibrous protein cells similar to fingernails, allowing them to feed on small spiny fish, plants, and insects, all of which are swallowed whole. Conscientious farmers understand that ducks don't chew and don't have a gag reflex, and their migratory habits genetically prepare them to gorge on large amounts of food in short order to sustain extended flights.
The process of enlarging the livers involves holding the bird and inserting a funnel down its throat to deliver a carefully measured amount of pre-cooked corn. Numerous studies, including one completed recently by the National Institute of Agronomic Research, show that stress levels do not increase during feeding. In fact, farmers have long realized that the happiest, healthiest birds produce the best-tasting liver. Foie gras farmers are recognized in the industry for the quality of the breast and thigh meat of their ducks, and they also readily sell tongue, feet, feathers and intestines to be used in a multitude of ways.
The United States is blessed to have two superb foie gras producers in Hudson Valley Foie Gras and Sonoma Foie Gras. Both are recognized for their exemplary ethical standards. Arguably, a duck from one of these places enjoys a better life than most organic "free range" chickens.